They are a simple yet highly effective way to help students memorise the 'nuts and bolts' - facts, figures, formulae, spelling, times tables, study notes and much more. An official survey within the UK shows an approval rating of more than 94% among pupils using Flippers in both primary and secondary, while 4 out of 5 teachers endorse their effectiveness.

Flippers consist of 60 small blank cards on a metal ring. Pupils write down the word, sum or question on one side and the answer on the other. When all the cards for the lesson have been filled in they look at the questions and try to answer them. Then they just flip over the card and find out if they were right.

Repeated use of the cards helps them quickly memorise the information. Once learned to fluency, if wished, those cards can be removed to allow pupils to concentrate on facts they are still "fuzzy" about.

Teachers have identified 36 subject areas where they have proved extremely effective.

In primary schools, these include:
• Numbers
• Number bonding
• Multiplication tables
• Sound and word recognition
• Spelling reinforcement
• Revision

In secondary schools uses include:
• English and foreign vocabulary
• Chemistry formulae
• Music studies
• Art history
• Homework and revision

We recommend that a different Flippers booklet should be used for each individual subject.